Workshop Manuals Factory service & repair Land Rover
01 Range Rover 2002MY ON Workshop Manual - System Description and Operation - LM - 6th Edition - NAS02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 ENGINE - V810 11 12 ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM – V813 14 FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM – V815 16 17 18 19 20 COOLING SYSTEM – V821 22 MANIFOLDS AND EXHAUST SYSTEM – V823 TRANSFER BOX24 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION – ZF 5HP2425 26 DRIVE AND PROPELLER SHAFTS27 28 FINAL DRIVE29 STEERING30 31 SUSPENSION32 33 34 35 BRAKES36 37 38 RESTRAINT SYSTEMS39 40 41 DOORS42 INTERIOR TRIM COMPONENTS43 44 45 SCREENS46 SEATS47 48 SUNROOF49 50 AIR CONDITIONING51 52 53 54 55 56 57 WIPERS AND WASHERS58 59 CHARGING AND STARTING60 61 62 63 64 LIGHTING65 66 BODY CONTROL UNIT67 68 COMMUNICATION DATA BUSES69 70 71 SECURITY72 WINDOWS73 74 75 ENTERTAINMENT AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS76 DRIVING AIDS77 78 INSTRUMENTS
Land Rover L322 Range Rover System Description and Operation24 · AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION – ZF 5HP24
24 · Transmission

Torque Converter (page 4 of 4)

Make
Land Rover
Model
Range Rover L322 Range Rover System Description and Operation
Section
Description
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION – ZF 5HP24Torque Converter · page 4 of 4
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AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION – ZF 5HP24

44-2-14 DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

As the rotational speed of the engine and therefore the turbine increases, the direction of the fluid leaving the turbine 
changes to path 'D'. The fluid is now directed from the turbine to the opposite side of the stator blades, rotating the 
stator in the opposite direction. To prevent the stator from resisting the smooth flow of the fluid from the turbine, the 
sprag clutch releases, allowing the stator to rotate freely on it shaft.

When the stator becomes inactive, the torque converter no longer multiples the engine torque. When the torque 
converter reaches this operational condition it ceases to multiply the engine torque and acts solely as a fluid coupling, 
with the impeller and the turbine rotating at approximately the same speed.

The stator uses a sprag type clutch. When the stator is rotated in a clockwise direction the sprags twist and are 
wedged between the inner and outer races. In this condition the sprags transfer the rotation of the outer race to the 
inner race which rotates at the same speed. Refer to 'One Way Freewheel Clutch' in this manual for further details of 
the sprag type clutch.

Lock-up Clutch Mechanism
The Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) is hydraulically controlled by an electronic pressure regulating solenoid (EPRS4) 
which is controlled by the EAT ECU. This allows the torque converter to have three states of operation as follows:

l

Fully engaged

l

Controlled slip variable engagement

l

Fully disengaged.

The TCC is controlled by two hydraulic spool valves located in the valve block. These valves are actuated by pilot 
pressure supplied via a solenoid valve which is also located in the valve block. The solenoid valve is operated by PWM 
signals from the EAT ECU to give full, partial or no lock-up of the torque converter.

A  = Unlocked condition

B  = Locked condition

1 Clutch plate
2 Clutch piston
3 Torque converter body
4 Turbine

5 Impeller
6 Stator
7 Piston chamber
8 Turbine chamber

The lock-up clutch is a hydro-mechanical device which eliminates torque converter slip, improving fuel consumption. 
The engagement and disengagement is controlled by the EAT ECU to allow a certain amount of controlled 'slip'. This 
allows a small difference in the rotational speeds of the impeller and the turbine which results in improved shift quality. 
The lock-up clutch comprises a piston and a clutch friction plate.

M44 1824

A

B

1

4

6

5

7

8

1

4

6

5

7

8

2

3

2

3

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