Workshop Manuals Factory service & repair Land Rover
01 Range Rover 2002MY ON Workshop Manual - System Description and Operation - LM - 6th Edition - NAS02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 ENGINE - V810 11 12 ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM – V813 14 FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM – V815 16 17 18 19 20 COOLING SYSTEM – V821 22 MANIFOLDS AND EXHAUST SYSTEM – V823 TRANSFER BOX24 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION – ZF 5HP2425 26 DRIVE AND PROPELLER SHAFTS27 28 FINAL DRIVE29 STEERING30 31 SUSPENSION32 33 34 35 BRAKES36 37 38 RESTRAINT SYSTEMS39 40 41 DOORS42 INTERIOR TRIM COMPONENTS43 44 45 SCREENS46 SEATS47 48 SUNROOF49 50 AIR CONDITIONING51 52 53 54 55 56 57 WIPERS AND WASHERS58 59 CHARGING AND STARTING60 61 62 63 64 LIGHTING65 66 BODY CONTROL UNIT67 68 COMMUNICATION DATA BUSES69 70 71 SECURITY72 WINDOWS73 74 75 ENTERTAINMENT AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS76 DRIVING AIDS77 78 INSTRUMENTS
Land Rover L322 Range Rover System Description and Operation50 · AIR CONDITIONING
50 · Heating & A/C

Distribution Ducts

Make
Land Rover
Model
Range Rover L322 Range Rover System Description and Operation
Section
Description › Distribution Ducts
AIR CONDITIONINGDistribution Ducts
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AIR CONDITIONING

82-18

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

Control Flap Motors
Two types of electrical stepper motor are used to operate the control flaps in the heater assembly. A conventional 500 
Hz stepper motor operates the recirculation flaps, on the low and high line systems. On the high line system, five bus 
controlled 200 Hz stepper motors operate the ram air, distribution (windscreen, face level and footwell) and the rear 
face level temperature control flaps. On the low line system a bus controlled stepper motor operates the distribution 
flaps cam mechanism. All of the stepper motors are controlled by the ATC ECU. None of the stepper motors are 
interchangeable.

Typical Control Flap Motor

1 Electrical connector
2 Release clip

3 Output shaft

Each bus controlled stepper motor incorporates a microprocessor and is connected to an M bus from the ATC ECU, 
which consists of three wires making up power, ground and signal circuits. The microprocessor in each bus controlled 
stepper motor is programmed with a different address. Each M bus message from the ATC ECU contains the address 
of an individual bus controlled stepper motor, so only that motor responds to the message.

None of the stepper motors incorporate a feedback potentiometer. Instead, the ATC ECU determines the positions of 
the flaps by using either their closed or open position as a datum and memorising the steps that it drives the individual 
stepper motors. Each time the ignition is switched on, the ATC ECU checks the memorised position of the stepper 
motors against fixed values for the current system configuration. If there is an error (e.g. after a power supply failure 
during operation or after replacement of the ATC ECU), the ATC ECU calibrates the applicable stepper motors, to re-
establish the datums, by driving them fully closed or open before re-setting them to their nominal position. A calibration 
run can also be invoked using TestBook/T4.

When any of the control flaps are set to fully closed or open, the ATC ECU signals the related stepper motor to move 
the appropriate number of steps in the applicable direction. To accommodate build tolerances and wear, and to 
ensure the flaps are held in the selected position, every 20 seconds the ATC ECU signals the stepper motor to move 
an additional 10 steps in the relevant direction.

Distribution Ducts
Air from the heater assembly is distributed around the vehicle interior through distribution ducts to outlets in the fascia, 
the front and rear footwells, and the rear of the cubby box between the front seats.

In the fascia, the distribution ducts are connected to fixed vents for the windscreen and side windows and adjustable 
vent assemblies for face level air. An adjustable vent assembly is also installed on the rear of the cubby box for rear 
face level air. The footwell outlets are fixed vents formed in the end of the related distribution ducts.

Parts & tools for this job Staging For Land Rover Range Rover

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