Workshop Manuals Factory service & repair Land Rover
01 Freelander 2001 TO 2004MY Onwards Workshop Manual - System Description and Operation - 5th Edition - NAS02 03 04 05 06 07 08 ENGINE - K SERIES KV609 10 11 12 EMISSION CONTROL - K SERIES KV613 14 15 16 17 18 19 ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - SIEMENS20 FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM - K SERIES KV621 22 23 COOLING SYSTEM - K SERIES KV624 25 MANIFOLD AND EXHAUST SYSTEM - K SERIES KV626 27 INTERMEDIATE REDUCTION DRIVE28 AUTOMATIC GEARBOX - JATCO29 DRIVESHAFTS30 31 REAR AXLE AND FINAL DRIVE32 STEERING33 FRONT SUSPENSION34 35 REAR SUSPENSION36 37 BRAKES38 RESTRAINT SYSTEMS39 HEATING AND VENTILATION40 41 AIR CONDITIONING42 43 44 WIPERS AND WASHERS45 CONTROL UNITS46 47 COMMUNICATION DATA BUSES48 49 SECURITY50 51 52 WINDOWS53 54 55 DRIVING AIDS56 NAVIGATION SYSTEM57 58 INSTRUMENTS
Land Rover Freelander System Description and Operation23 · COOLING SYSTEM - K SERIES KV6
23 · Engine

Cooling Fan Control

Make
Land Rover
Model
Freelander System Description and Operation
Section
Operation › Cooling Fan Control
COOLING SYSTEM - K SERIES KV6Cooling Fan Control
background image

COOLING SYSTEM - K SERIES KV6

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

26-3-9

Heater Diverter Valve – From 2003 Model Year
At low engine speeds the heater diverter valve is closed, allowing only a bleed flow of coolant through the engine oil 
and transmission fluid coolers. This increases the coolant flow through the heater matrix improving heater 
performance.

As the engine speed increases, the increased output from the coolant pump opens the heater diverter valve allowing 
the full flow of coolant through the engine oil and transmission fluid coolers and the heater matrix.

Cooling Fan Control
The ECM controls the operation of the variable speed cooling fans via a Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal to the 
cooling fan ECU. The cooling fan ECU regulates the voltage of a common power feed to the two fans, and relates the 
voltage to the duty cycle of the PWM signal.

The ECM varies the duty cycle of the PWM signal between 3 and 90% to vary the cooling fan speed. At duty cycles 
between 3 and 9% the cooling fans are off. When the duty cycle goes above 9% the cooling fans come on at minimum 
speed, then increase in speed, in proportion to the increase in the duty cycle, up to maximum speed at a duty cycle 
of 90%. If the duty cycle is less than 3% or more than 90%, the cooling fan ECU interprets the signal as an open or 
short circuit and runs the cooling fans at maximum speed to ensure the engine and gearbox do not overheat.

The speed of the cooling fans varies between a minimum of 750 rev/min, at 6 volts and a maximum of 4000 rev/min 
at nominal battery voltage. To reduce the noise from the cooling fans they are driven at slightly different speeds, 
except when running at minimum and maximum speeds. Stepped speed changes occur at 1500 rev/min (RH cooling 
fan), 1450 and 2600 rev/min (LH cooling fan) to improve refinement.

Control Inputs

While the engine is running, the ECM adjusts the speed of the cooling fans in response to inputs from:

l

The thermostat monitoring sensor, for engine cooling. The fans come on at minimum speed if the coolant 
temperature goes above 90

°

C (194

°

F), and progressively increase to maximum speed at a coolant temperature 

of 102

°

C (216

°

F).

l

The A/C system, via the instrument pack and the CAN bus, for refrigerant system cooling.

l

The EAT ECU, via the CAN bus, for gearbox cooling.

If there is a conflict between requested cooling fan speeds from the different inputs, the ECM adopts the highest 
requested speed.

As part of the power down routine, when the ignition is switched off, if the ambient air temperature is more than 15

°

C 

(59

°

F) the ECM samples the coolant temperature using the input from the Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor. 

If the coolant temperature is more than 106

°

C (223

°

F), the ECM signals for the cooling fans to come on. The speed 

of the cooling fans is in proportion to the coolant temperature, from minimum speed at >106

°

C (>223

°

F) to maximum 

speed at 115

°

C (239

°

F). The cooling fans are switched off after 5 minutes or when the coolant temperature decreases 

to 106

°

C (223

°

F), whichever occurs first.

Motor Protection

The cooling fan ECU monitors the speed of the cooling fans, from the current draw of the motors, and incorporates 
strategies to protect the motors from electrical overload if the fans are seized or heavily loaded (e.g. by debris or 
during wading).

When the duty cycle of the PWM signal indicates the cooling fans should be switched on, the cooling fan ECU initially 
outputs 2.5 volts to the motors to produce a 'soft' start. When the cooling fan ECU detects the motors are running 
satisfactorily, it then increases the outputs to the appropriate voltages for the required cooling fan speeds. If a motor 
fails to start within 3 seconds, the cooling fan ECU switches off the output to the affected motor, waits for 5 seconds 
and then tries another soft start. If the second soft start fails, after a further wait of 5 seconds the cooling fan ECU 
outputs 6 volts to the motor in an attempt to get it started. If the motor starts, the cooling fan ECU then increases the 
output to the appropriate voltage for the required cooling fan speed. If the motor fails to start within 4 seconds, the 
cooling fan ECU switches the output off, then, provided the cooling fans are still requested on, periodically invokes 
the start routine in an attempt to get the motor running.

If a cooling fan is already running and then seizes or becomes heavily loaded, the cooling fan ECU switches off the 
output to the affected motor, then periodically invokes the start routine, while the cooling fans are still requested on, 
in an attempt to get the motor running again.

When one of the cooling fans is not running, the cooling fan ECU runs the other cooling fan at maximum speed.

Parts & tools for this job Staging For Land Rover Freelander

Links open Amazon search results in a new tab. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.