Workshop Manuals Factory service & repair Land Rover
01 Range Rover 2002MY ON Workshop Manual - System Description and Operation - LM - 6th Edition - NAS02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 ENGINE - V810 11 12 ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM – V813 14 FUEL DELIVERY SYSTEM – V815 16 17 18 19 20 COOLING SYSTEM – V821 22 MANIFOLDS AND EXHAUST SYSTEM – V823 TRANSFER BOX24 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION – ZF 5HP2425 26 DRIVE AND PROPELLER SHAFTS27 28 FINAL DRIVE29 STEERING30 31 SUSPENSION32 33 34 35 BRAKES36 37 38 RESTRAINT SYSTEMS39 40 41 DOORS42 INTERIOR TRIM COMPONENTS43 44 45 SCREENS46 SEATS47 48 SUNROOF49 50 AIR CONDITIONING51 52 53 54 55 56 57 WIPERS AND WASHERS58 59 CHARGING AND STARTING60 61 62 63 64 LIGHTING65 66 BODY CONTROL UNIT67 68 COMMUNICATION DATA BUSES69 70 71 SECURITY72 WINDOWS73 74 75 ENTERTAINMENT AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS76 DRIVING AIDS77 78 INSTRUMENTS
Land Rover L322 Range Rover System Description and Operation23 · TRANSFER BOX
23 · General

Torsen® Differential (page 2 of 2)

Make
Land Rover
Model
Range Rover L322 Range Rover System Description and Operation
Section
Description
TRANSFER BOXTorsen® Differential · page 2 of 2
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TRANSFER BOX

41-16

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

1 Pinion gear (6 off)
2 Side gear (front propshaft drive)
3 Side gear (rear propshaft drive)
4 Cover plate

5 Housing/ring gear
6 Friction thrust washer
7 Thrust washer
8 Roller bearing

The Torsen® unit comprises a housing, two side gears, six pinion gears, thrust and friction washers and a cover plate.

The housing is a machined casting which contains all the differential components. Six machined pockets accept the 
pinion gears. The base of each pocket has a cast recess which retains oil to lubricate the pinion gear ends. The closed 
end of the housing has a roller bearing pressed into a hole. The transfer box main shaft is located through the bearing 
which provides support between the housing and the shaft. The main shaft has cross drillings which supply lubricating 
oil from the oil pump to the internal components of the differential.

Three threaded holes are located equally around the open end of the housing and provide for the attachment of the 
cover plate with bolts. The outer circumference of the housing has cast and machined teeth which mesh with 
corresponding teeth in the transfer box synchroniser sleeve. Rotational input from the transmission is passed, via the 
transfer box input shaft, directly to the synchroniser sleeve for high range or indirectly to the synchroniser sleeve via 
the planetary gear set for low range. The teeth on the housing allow for the sliding motion of the synchroniser sleeve 
when the transfer box range is changed.

The pinion gears are parallel, helical gears which locate in the machined pockets in the housing. The lands of the 
helical teeth are ground with a radius which matches the internal diameter of the housing pockets. This creates 
frictional forces between the pinion gears and the housing and contributes to the operation of the unit. Each pinion 
gear has a machined section with no teeth. The pinions are fitted in the housing in opposite pairs. When fitted, one 
pinion gear of each pair meshes with one of the side gears, with the machined section of that gear preventing meshing 
with the other side gear.

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